Method of cooling the iron of transformers



(No Model.) I

H. A. ROWLAND. METHOD OF COOLING THE IRON OF TRANSFORMERS.

No. 513,420. Patented Jan. 23, 1894.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY A. ROiVLAND, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

METHOD OF COOLING THE IRON OF TRANSFORMERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 513,420, dated January 23, 1894.

Application filed February 3, 1893- Serial No. 461,488. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HENRY A. ROWLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Cooling the Iron of Transformers, Dynamos,and Motors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The object of this invention is to provide suitable means for cooling the iron of transformers, or the armatures of dynamo electric machines. For this purpose, Iuse a current of liquid, which may be either conducting or non-conducting, although the device is especially suitable for conducting fluids, such as water. The liquid is conducted through the iron in tubes of metal or other suitable material, and this invention consists essentially in finding the proper method of placing the tubes or other vessels in the iron, so that when the said tubes or vessels, are made of metal, or when they are conveying a conducting fluid, they may not interfere with the working of the apparatus, and they certainly would interfere if placed haphazard in the iron. The proper direction to place such tubes or vessels 1 have found to be such that the lines of magnetic induction in their motion shall not cut across the tubes. As the lamination of the iron in both dynamo armatures, and in transformers is in the direction of motion of the lines of force, in order to satisfy these conditions, the tubes or other Vessels for the fiowing' fiuid, should be placed between the sheets of laminated iron or closely in contact with the sides of said sheets, making the fluid inclosing vessels and the sheets of laminated iron alternate with each other. If the vessels or tubes do not fill the whole space between the said sheets, the empty space may, in some cases, be filled in with laminated iron, although this is not always desirable.

Reference is had to the accompanying drawings, in which similar parts are indicated by corresponding letters throughout the several views.

Figure 1 represents a perspective view of the iron in a large transformer, and illustrates my method of cooling the same. The primary and secondary coils are omitted in 1 made by the planets :r, the primary and secondary coils being represented by dotted lines. Fig. 3 represents a sectional view of a portion of the iron in either a transformer or an armature for a dynamo, which is cooled by pipes containing a flowing liquid, the spaces between the said pipes being filled in with laminated iron. Fig. 4. represents an end view, parts being broken away, of a dynamo or motor provided with a fixed armature and revolving field, the armature being cooled according to my invention. Fig. 5 represents a section of the armature shown in Fig. 4, along the line y y of the said figure, the field magnets being omitted. Fig. 6 represents a modification of the device shown in Fig. 2, wherein the cooling vessel containing the flowing fluid extends between the sheets of laminated iron and around and back of the same.

, A represents one of several sheets of iron composed of a plurality of laminae. These sheets of iron are separated from each other by the vessels 13,13, or 13 as the case may be, which vessels are provided with chambers b receiving fluid from pipes 12 and discharging it from pipes b, after it has flowed through the said chambers.

0 shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, represents the primary and secondary coils of the transformer.

B, shown in Fig.3 represents one of a pinrality of pipes for the cooling fluid, which are placed at some distance apart, the interstices between the pipes being filled in with pieces of laminated iron at.

F shown in Fig. 4, represents the revolving field magnet of the dynamo-electric machine or motor whose iron is cooled by the vessels B In the device shown in Fig. 6, the fiuid chambers b are supplemented by a fluid back 11 and curved chambers b also containing fluid; and the iron in this device has cooling fluid between, behind, and at the side of the laminated sheets.

The primary and secondary coils of the transformer core shown in Fig. (3, are omitted.

this figure. Fig. 2 represents a section of Fig.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is'

1. In electric apparatus of the character described, the combination with sheets of laminated iron subjected to varying magnetic influencesof vessels containing fluid arranged in juxtaposition to said sheets and parallel to the motion of the lines of force, for the purpose set forth.

2. In electric apparatus of the character described, the combination with a plurality of sheets of laminated iron subjectedto varying magnetic influences, of vessels containing fluid arranged alternately with said sheets of iron and parallel to the motion of the lines of force, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. In electric apparatus of the character described, the combinationwith a plurality of sheets of laminated iron subjected to varying magnetic influences, of vessels containing fluid arranged alternately with said sheets of iron and parallel to the motion of the lines of force, and means for keeping a continuous flow of fluid through the said vessels, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. An electric apparatus of the character described, comprising thin sheets of laminated iron subjected to varying magnetic influences, vessels arranged between or around said lamina, and a conducting fluid flowing through said vessels and parallel to the motion of the lines of force,substantially as described.

5. In an electric apparatus of the character described, the combination with a plurality of sheets of laminated magnetizable material subjected to varying magnetic influences, of vessels containing conducting fluid arranged alternately with said sheets of laminated material and parallel to the motion of the lines HENRY A. ROWLAND.

Witnesses:

LoUIs DUNCAN, LEWIS E. J EWELL. 

